Tuesday, January 21, 2020
organizational behavior Essay -- essays research papers
I.à à à à à The Meaning of Money in the Workplace A.à à à à à Money and Employee Needs 1.à à à à à Money is an important factor in satisfying individual needs. 2.à à à à à Money is a symbol of status, which relates to the innate drive to acquire. 3.à à à à à Financial gain symbolizes personal accomplishments and relates to growth needs. 4.à à à à à People value money as a source of feedback and a representation of goal achievement. 5.à à à à à Compensation is one of the top three factors attracting individuals to work for an organization. B.à à à à à Money Attitudes and Values 1.à à à à à Money tends to create strong emotions and attitudes, most of which are negative, such as anxiety, depression, anger, and helplessness. 2.à à à à à Money is associated with greed, avarice and occasionally, generosity. 3.à à à à à People with a strong money ethic believe that money is not evil; that it is a symbol of achievement, respect, and power; and it should be budgeted carefully. 4.à à à à à Cultural values seem to influence attitudes toward money and a money ethic. a.à à à à à People with Confucian work values are more likely to carefully budget their money but are also more likely to spend it. b.à à à à à People in countries with a long-term orientation give money a high priority in their lives. c.à à à à à Scandinavians, Australians, ad New Zealanders have a strong egalitarian value that discourages people from openly talking about money or displaying their personal wealth. C.à à à à à Money and Social Identity 1.à à à à à People tend to define themselves in terms of their ownership and management of money. 2.à à à à à Couples tend to adopt polarized roles regarding their management and expenditure of money. 3.à à à à à Men are more likely than women to emphasize money in their self-concept. 4.à à à à à Men are shown to be more confident managing their money and are more likely to use money as a tool to influence and impress other. II.à à à à à Reward... ...urally occurring à à à à à feedback at regular intervals. 3.à à à à à Includes designing artificial feedback where natural feedback does not occur. E.à à à à à Self-Reinforcement 1.à à à à à Includes the social learning theory concept of self-reinforcement. 2.à à à à à Occurs whenever an employee has control over a reinforcer but doesnââ¬â¢t ââ¬Å"takeâ⬠the reinforcer until completing a self-set goal. 3.à à à à à Also occurs decide to do a more enjoyable task after completing a task that you dislike. F.à à à à à Self-Leadership in Practice 1.à à à à à People with a high degree of conscientiousness and internal locus of control are more likely to apply self-leadership practices. 2.à à à à à Self-Leadership can be learned. 3.à à à à à Training programs have helped employees to improve their self-leadership skills. 4.à à à à à Organizations can encourage self-leadership by providing sufficient autonomy and establishing rewards that reinforce self-leadership behaviors.
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