Physical development Essay

Physical growth in humans is an ongoing process that most of us are blessed to witness. The earliest stage of development seems to be the germinal period, the first two weeks of conception. During this period the embryo and the zygote have started to form. The embryonic period, also known as the prenatal period, follows two to eight weeks after conception. The respiratory and digestive systems form at this time also. The middle layer of cells, called the mesoderm, will become the circulatory system, bones, muscle, excretory system, and reproductive system. The outer layer of cells, the ectoderm, will become the nervous system, the sensory receptors (eyes, nose, ears), and skin. The placenta, the umbilical cord and the amnion (fluid-filled sac) develop along with the embryo. The final developmental stage during conception would be the fetal period. It begins two months after conception, lasting an average of seven months. Three months after conception the fetus becomes active, moving its arms and legs, opening and closing its mouth, and moving its head. The face, forehead, eyelids, nose, and chin are all distinguishable, as are the arms, hands and legs. At four months, a growth spurt occurs in the fetus’ lower parts. By the end of the fifth month the toenails and fingernails have formed and the fetus is more active. By the end of the sixth month the eyes and eyelids have completely formed, a grasping reflex is present and irregular breathing occurs. (1) Infancy has now come into effect. The cephalocaudal, the first growth pattern in infants, will make the infants head look enormous. During this spurt the head takes up a fourth of the body while the legs take up a third. (7) One of my sons is almost two years old. He is still in the â€Å"big head-little body† stage. His shirts scarcely fit over his head, but are just right for his little neck and shoulders. The second growth pattern is called proximodistal. In this stage the arms and legs grow faster than the hands and feet, causing balance issues. Again, my youngest is extremely clumsy, due to the unaccounted growth in his limbs, but a joy to watch! Don’t worry, the rest of them will catch up quickly. (2) By childhood most of rapid growth begins to slow down. The skeleton continues to change throughout early childhood. Near the end of the preschool years, a child begins to lose their baby teeth. (7) My oldest son is going to be six years old soon. He has his first loose tooth, along with excitement about meeting the â€Å"tooth-fairy.† Children tend to become sick more often due to the immune system not being fully developed. Ligaments are not fully attached to the bones yet so children will have seemingly abnormal flexibility. Adolescence is a very special and difficult time for teenagers. Along with many social changes, physical changes also are very distinguishable. Puberty is a leading example of the physical changes they encounter. It is interesting to know that a female baby already has over one million follicles for eggs to develop in, which decreases to one hundred thousand by puberty.(3) Most females begin the stages of puberty before boys do. It is accompanied by increase in breast size, height increase, and (the ever dreadful) menstrual cycle, initiated by the thickening of the uterus caused by the cyclical changes in the presence of estrogens, otherwise known as the ‘period.'(3) Males tend to begin puberty after females have developed, although it will last longer. Males have a growth spurt due to testosterone, which is produced by the male testes. It initiates the growth spurt, and does so more effectively than estrogen, making most males on average taller than females. After secretion of prolonged testosterone, the male shows secondary sex characteristics such as increased bodily hair, deepening of the voice and increased development of muscularity. The initial secretion of testosterone initiates sperm production, giving the male fertile gametes available for reproduction. (3)(4) Puberty also has many bearings on an adolescent’s social environment. You can read more about it at this web site: http://www.personal.psu.edu/faculty/n/x/nxd10/transition/group212/dating.html .And finally we come to the adulthood. This is the age when everything seemingly is balanced, between health and mentality. This is when your body is supposed to be at its peak performance. (7) You will not notice many changes, physically, at this time. When you reach middle adulthood, on the other hand, this is the area of concern for a lot of individuals. At this  point your physical appearance will start to deteriorate. The most noticeable physical change would be a person’s height. Your seeing and hearing will probably not be as good as it once was. You may start noticing grey hair in certain places or possibly no hair at all! Your skin will become loose and wrinkly as you continue to gain unwanted pounds. (6) But it is a part of the physical development ‘roller coaster’. Imagine you’re on a roller coaster. When you first step into the seat (conception), to buckling your belt and getting excited as you are looking at everyone else (infancy), to the long, anticipated climb up the first drop-off (childhood), raising your hands with no fear as you begin to plunge into the overhang (adolescents), down and around the turns and loops of early ‘adulthood’, and finally enjoying the end of the ride and how fun it was getting there. http://www.sasked.gov.sk.ca/docs/social/psych30/UnitsofStudy.htm (1) http://ntmain.utb.edu/ecantu/Psyc%202314/Feldman3Notes/InfancyPhysFeldman4Notes.htm (2) http://biology-online.org/7/5_growth_development.htm (3) http://w3.whosea.org/adoloscnce/changes.htm (4) http://www.mc.maricopa.edu/dept/d46/psy/dev/mid_adult/ (5) http://muextension.missouri.edu/explore/hesguide/humanrel/gh6729.htm (6) http://www.freeessays.cc/db/34/mci170.shtml (7)

Review: An Inconvenient Truth

Review : An Inconvenient Truth An Inconvenient Truth is a provocative documentary on global warming by director Davis Guggenheim. The film, based on the multi-media presentation given by former Vice President Al Gore in over 1,000 cities around the world in recent years, presents a disturbing picture of the destruction that global warming is doing to the earth and the horrific future that we are facing if global warming is not addressed.Despite some serious weaknesses, anyone who is concerned about the future must see this film and join in discussion, debate, and action over what is needed to save the planet. At a time when believing in scientific truth is under attack, and when the Bush administration is gagging government scientists from telling the truth, censoring official reports, and sabotaging international treaties, An Inconvenient Truth defends, popularizes and makes accessible to millions the basic science of global warming.Because of this, the film has come under attack. R ight-wing talk show host Glenn Beck compared An Inconvenient Truth, to Nazi propaganda. Holman Jenkins wrote in the Wall Street Journal: â€Å"Mr. Gore’s narrative isn’t science, but science fiction. † The movie presents scientific concepts and evidence about global warming in a clear, concise and often entertaining way. It features great nature photography, graphs, and animation to visually express complex evidence. It even has a clip from Futurama. I can’t think of another movie in which the display of a graph elicited gasps of horror, but when the red lines showing the increasing rates of carbon-dioxide emissions and the corresponding rise in temperatures come on screen, the effect is jolting and chilling,† A. O. Scott writes in the New York Times review of the movie. In the movie Gore shows a graph that demonstrates a link between CO2 levels and temperature over the last 600,000 years as revealed by samples from polar ice cores. 1 During this en tire period CO2 levels have varied between 180 and 280 parts per million (ppm).The level today is nearly 400 ppm, well above anything that has been seen in over a half million years. And Gore points out that the CO2 levels will rise to 600 ppm if something isn’t done quickly. Gore describes the dramatic changes taking place in the world as a result of global warming. He shows pictures taken 15 to 30 years ago of glaciers that have existed for the last 10,000 years or more and compares them to pictures taken in the last year or two. It is shocking to see the rate at which the glaciers are disappearing!The film shows the famous â€Å"snows of Kilimanjaro† in 1970. A picture from 2005 shows only a tiny sliver of ice remaining. The movie describes how many new scientific studies are confirming that warmer water in the top layer of the ocean caused by global warming is producing more powerful hurricanes. While it is not possible to attribute any specific storm, like Katrina , to the effects of global warming, an MIT study indicated that as a whole major storms spinning in both the Atlantic and the Pacific since the 1970s have increased in duration and intensity about 50%. And all of this means hardship and suffering for the people. While in the world as a whole it appears that global warming has contributed to a 20 percent increase in rain over the last 100 years. However this increase in precipitation is not uniform, and some areas of the world have suffered from drought. It was striking to see the role this drought plays in the horrors now going on in Africa, which are generally written off in the imperialist press as the inevitable nightmares of â€Å"uncivilized† people that the West has no responsibility for.Famine is killing many children and putting millions of lives at risk in the Niger area. In Darfur, a horrific genocide is being carried out. While the causes leading to the genocide and famine are complex, a contributing factor to thes e nightmare situations is changes brought on by global warming. Lake Chad, once the sixth largest lake in the world, which has shrunk to one-twentieth of its former size, with sand dunes covering its bed. The disappearance of the lake has led to collapsed fisheries, lack of irrigation and crop failures, and millions displaced by hunger.While the climate changes produced by global warming are beginning to show themselves today in shocking ways, these are just a glimmer of the changes that scientists predict may come about due to global warming: mass extinction of species, flooding in coastal areas due to melting polar ice, spread of infectious diseases, and the destruction of coral reefs caused by rising CO2 in the ocean’s water. The destruction of glaciers due to global warming does not mean only that our children may never be able to see a glacier.The Himalayan glaciers, which provide more than half of the drinking water for over 40% of the world’s population, are amo ng the most affected by global warming. Within the next 50 years these people may face a massive drinking water shortage as well as food shortages due to lack of irrigation. This is a one scary movie, made all the more so because the threats it depicts are real. And, unlike so many summer blockbusters, no superhero is going to come to save the day.

Business Ethical Values Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business Ethical Values - Essay Example Values of both employers and employees, therefore, significantly determine success of a business. By designing suitable ethical expectations and codes of conduct, businesses ensure that ethical principles are upheld. While exploring significance of business ethics, Fisher & Lovell (2009) concludes that there is a strong correlation between individual values and business ethics. This paper explores specific values that make business leaders ethical. Choosing Best Values While choosing best values, it is important to select values and ethics that you not only believe in, but also define your character. After the selection procedure, Glass (1981) advises that an individual must visibly live by the values every day. Living one’s values is a powerful tool for leading and influencing others. In business, values of employees and employers are dependent on one another. Thus, freedom of a business leader to choose ethical values depends on set of values defined by employees. Neverthele ss, an ethical business leader, according to Guth (1999), is described by the following five traits: willingly chooses to lead, good role model to others, provides feasible future vision, provides inspiration, and makes other people feel appreciated and important. Values that Make Business Leaders Ethical Honestly is the first and foremost value that business leaders must practice to become ethical (MSG, 2012). The value determines commitment of business leaders to observance of business principles in both favorable and unfavorable conditions. Mollie (2011) asserts that several corporations have different manuals with slogans encouraging commitment of workers to honesty. Integrity is another vale that makes business leaders ethical. Mollie (2011) defines integrity as possession of strong adherence to professional standards and/or moral principles. Integrity, therefore, connotes stability, consistency, and strength of a leader. In other words, integrity implies that a leader is readi ly willing to take a high road by applying the most valuable ethical standards. Rhode (2006), however, defines integrity as a state of completeness and wholeness. Thus, based on Rhode’s definition (2006), demonstrating integrity indicates soundness and completeness in a leader’s character and in his/her organization. Responsibility, as another value, is an integral part of business ethics. A responsible leader is accountable for his/her actions and decisions. He/she carries the entire liability of any judgment made in his/her organization. Irresponsibility, on the other hand, erodes cohesion and respect in any organization. That is, irresponsibility increases blame games and wrongful victimization in an organization. Rhode (2006), nonetheless, perceives actions and responsibility as both a cause and a result of the other. That is, actions or decisions a leader makes determine whether he/she is a responsible individual or not. Conversely, being responsible in small acti ons or making sound judgment determines weight of tasks a leader is allocated. Responsibility is closely related to quality, which is another important value in business ethics. Quality measures output of a leader. Quality should not only focus on production of best products, but should also extend to every facet of a leader. A leader who appraises quality and struggles for it daily develops a deep sense of

Risk Mitigation and Planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Risk Mitigation and Planning - Essay Example Mitigation, according to Helmuth von Moltke (2004), is a type of long term, pre-disaster planning wherein sustained expenditures on structural as well as non-structural efforts are involved to reduce or eliminate future risks. In practice, mitigation plans and activities are usually medium to long term and since it is an example where thinking ahead pays off in the long run mitigation is the cornerstone of emergency management. It is related concepts of long-term planning such as: 1) reconstruction which means repair or rebuilding; and 2) preparedness which means getting ready or practicing to respond. In addition to that mitigation, based on Molte (2004), â€Å"means to lessen the effects or take action toward the building and putting together of certain structures as well as plans in order that the impact of any future disaster will be ameliorated or if possible, eliminated.† To change things for the better and impact can be understood as consequences, is the meaning of amel ioration. An emergency manager might do these simple mitigation activities, which includes the following: flood insurance promotion, urging structural redesigning of buildings, raising or moving homes from flood zones or make sure that appropriate building codes, within the certain communities are present. An assessment of the threats that the community is facing is involved in mitigation planning, such as terrorist attack, as well as an assessment of possible targets. However â€Å"terrorist mitigation is somewhat controversial phase, wherein it implies special plans and to supplement an all-hazards approach is needed in practices for terrorism† (Bullock et al., 2005). In addition to that, mitigation planning is an on going process, and to ensure proper preparedness continual reassessments is necessary. Some experts argued that there is a post-disaster mitigation. Moreover a pre-disaster mitigation ought to be called prevention. According to Alexander

Green Tailing (Retail Innovation) Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Green Tailing (Retail Innovation) - Term Paper Example Green tailing also focuses on achieving low cost the customers, thus, they are able to achieve greater savings. However, innovations in green tailing focus not only on price, but also on exploiting fashion, providing outstanding services, offering expanded range of products, and selling high quality merchandise (Stern & Ander, 2008). Since some retailers lose while others win, all retailers must adapt to -Est Theory. The –Est theory states that a retailer must be the best by being superior to all others at one core proposition that is important to specific customers. Most green retailers achieve this through communicating their -Est position to the customers, executing it relentlessly at the store level and orienting their staff to that position. Additionally, their day-to-day operational decisions and strategies are based on that position. The world of retailing is changing faster and more dramatically than ever before, hence, it is always advantageous for a retailer or suppl ier who gets to that position first. Before, most green retails’ life cycles looked like a typical bell curve. ... In essence, green tailing is a crucial element of the future of retail. Therefore, it holds the key to understanding a seismic shift in consumer behavior that shifts the balance away from price to other factors that will require businesses to rethink their basic models. Types of green retail stores There are various types of stores that are considered as environmental friendly, which sell green products. Consumers have now become more enlightened; most are beginning to look for sustainable, green, and organic products (Radcliff, 2011). Hence, they are looking for stores and suppliers who embrace eco-friendly methods and green aspects in their operations. These stores include Clothing and Apparel that sell clothing products from sustainable organic materials such as bamboo fiber, hemp, cotton and other recycled fabrics. There is also increased demand for peace silk or vegan silk that is extracted from hatched silkworm castings; hence, no silkworms are harmed in the extraction. Additio nally, eco-friendly clothing is made with natural and organic dyes in accordance with green specifications. Secondly, there are green furniture stores that sell furniture made from natural materials such as teak wood, bamboo, natural fibers and reclaimed sustainable materials. More so, in finishing, this furniture use natural dyes, water and soya-based finishes, natural oils and waxes (Radcliff, 2011). Thirdly, there are organic foods grown through strict observance of green principles without use of any artificial chemicals and fertilizers. Lastly, there are personal care and household cleaning products that are made from natural and organic ingredients that are raised up with adherence to green

Is the Shale Revolution just hype Discuss with reference to two Essay

Is the Shale Revolution just hype Discuss with reference to two examples - Essay Example However, the migration is sometimes blocked by rock barriers and the hydrocarbons accumulate underneath such cap, eventually turning into a conventional gas reservoir (Curtis, 2002). Such hydrocarbons which stay in the source rock make up shale gas or shale oil. Such gas is usually trapped underneath the surface, close to 1500 to 3000 metres in the source rock where the hydrocarbons have originally formed (Curtis, 2002). This makes shale gas or shale oil very much difficult to extract. Shale gas is considered unconventional gas because it is said to come from accumulation with significant spatial aspects and vaguely indicated boundaries independent of the water column (Stevens, 2012). Conventional gas is usually drilled with the gas flowing at voluminous rates. For the unconventional gas, drilling is not sufficient to support commercial distribution. Other processes are needed in order to support commercial flow. Primary technologies needed for shale gas include horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing with the water, sand, as well as chemicals incorporated into the horizontal borehole at high pressure to break the shale rocks and then discharge the gas (Stevens, 2012). Both technologies are not new technologies, as horizontal drilling has been applied in the 1930s and fracking has first been seen in the US in 1947. The popular use of shale gas is said to have created a revolution as shifts in shale gas use, especially in the US has been seen. However, other scholars and observers are doubtful of the existence and persistence of such a phenomenon or a revolution. This paper shall discuss whether or not the shale gas revolution is just hype or whether it is reality. Various examples shall be used in order to support specific arguments for this paper. Shale gas increased to about 20%, from 1% in 2000 of the domestic gas production in the US by 2010 (Stevens, 2010). The Energy Information

English - Walden by Henry David Thoreau Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

English - Walden by Henry David Thoreau - Essay Example Thoreau died of tuberculosis on May 6, 1862 (Lenat, 2007). In an attempt to live life on his own terms and explore his philosophy of self-reliance, simple living and intellectual growth, Thoreau built a primitive cabin on the shore of Walden Pond, situated about a mile from Concord, and lived there from 1845 – 1847: a period of two years and two months. In 1854, Thoreau published ‘Walden,’ an account of his life during that time (Kifer, 2002). ‘Walden’ throbs with Thoreau’s impassioned love for Nature and his exhortation to follow a simple lifestyle, free from the bond of materialism. Walden is Thoreau’s spiritual quest for self-expression. Thoreau urges each man to achieve his full potential for self-expression and identification with God through the exploration of his individual self and shows that union with Nature is the surest path to this goal. Thoreau’s identification with Nature stems from his all-encompassing love for Nature, which is woven into every page of his narrative. To him, Nature is the fount of beauty, joy, companionship, freedom and health. He rises early to lose himself in the beauty of the dawn. Thoreau observes and delights in the minutest details of Nature: even the sound of berry-laden branches breaking off under their own weight. The wealth of detail he lavishes on his description of partridges, loons, owls, hawks, insects and fish and pond ice is characterized by a tenderness which chronicles and cherishes every minute aspect of Nature. A sparrow alighting on his shoulder is considered a badge of honor by him (Winter Animals, 7). His becoming a vegetarian is but a natural offshoot of this love, which leads him to treasure any life, animal or human, and consider this to be a mark of civilization. His keen observation of Nature enables him to make inferences of his visitors by interpreting the sig nificance of bended twigs and dropped flowers. Thoreau’s passionate embrace of Nature is seen in his hunger â€Å"to

The Impact of Social Media on the Rare of Growth of Small and Medium Essay

The Impact of Social Media on the Rare of Growth of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises - Essay Example The paper tells that there is a major weakness with the questionnaire in terms ethical consideration. As an academic research, it is expected that the researcher makes a lot of provision for ensuring ethical protection for respondents. Some of these ethical protections should include the assurance of anonymity of respondents. The researcher must also keep responses highly confidential. Such assurances make respondents highly confident too in the answers they provide. The questionnaire should have therefore had a preamble that gives respondents these ethical assurances. What is more, there is a repetition of questions throughout the questionnaire. There are questions that have been reframed in different ways but seek to collect the same piece of data. There should have therefore been a better mopping up exercise to rid the questionnaire of repeated questions. Again, the questionnaire lacks clear-cut categorization of questions with headings. In the absence of such categorization, resp ondents are often confused on what a particular question is seeking to find. In this event, they may misunderstand the questions and answer them in different contexts. In future research, there would be conscious effort to present the questions in a more presentable way by clearly stating question numbers and categorizing the questions according to a minimum of four major themes. The questionnaires were distributed among two hundred respondents. These respondents were selected from different industrial backgrounds including hospitality, education, health, entertainment, transport, financial service, manufacturing, politics and so on. This was to ensure a large representation base. Among the two hundred respondents, the chart below represents those who use social media and those who do not. After the data on the use of social media were collected, the researcher grouped the responses according to the field of industry. This was done in order to find the time of industries that practi ced the use of social media most. In this regard, it was found that business to customer enterprises used social media more often than business to business enterprises After identifying which of the respondents used social media and which did not, the researcher went ahead to find out the specific social media that was used by these enterprises. The reason for collecting this particular data was because the literature review had proofed that some of the social media networks were more popular than others. The researcher, therefore, wanted to find out how the popularity of a particular social media network influenced and impacted the reasons for which the respondents were using them. The chart below represents the allocation of respondents and the kind of social media network they used. The researcher sought to find from respondents, the reasons why they used social media. This was an important data because the literature review has revealed that using social media serves diverse pur poses.

What Duration of Ultraviolet Exposure Kills Bacteria Lab Report

What Duration of Ultraviolet Exposure Kills Bacteria - Lab Report Example This has lead to modification of the law by replacing the speed of reaction constant by the growth rate constant. The modification proved not to be ideal since the graph s obtained after plotting the logarithm growth rate constant against reciprocal absolute temperature results into curves instead of a straight line. It is good to note that the same relationship is applicable to the breakdown of nucleotide and the growth of yeasts and mould (Pommerville, 2007). Ultra violet light is an electromagnetic radiation whose wavelength is less than that of visible light but more than that of X-rays and falls within the range of 10 nm to 400nm with energies of between3eV and 124Ev.My study Hypothesis is that; any amount of UV light exposure will kill bacteria in culture media. Numerous for both. Numerous for both Numerous for both 30 and 23 137 and None Numerous for both Numerous for both Numerous for both 110 and 178 159 and 240 Line chart with the breakdown of the results obtained from the experiment. LINE GRAPH Figure; Showing number of counted bacteria against time. Discussion A change in the DNA base sequence can be referred to as mutation. This change can be beneficial or of neutrality to an organism but in most cases it does turn out to be harmful due to the fact that it results into loss of useful function of a cell. Mutation in the case of bacteria is natural and does happen at a speed of 107-108/base pair in one round of replication. This speed increases in the presence of mutagens. These mutagens can be in the form of chemicals likes nicotine or also in the form of electromagnetic radiation. For the electromagnetic radiations considered as mutagen, they are broadly divided into two types; ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation. Ionizing ones carry a lot of energy that can remove electrons from molecules in a cell like DNA or RNA. They include x-rays or gamma radiations. Ultra-violet (UV) radiations on the other hand form part of the non-ionizing radiat ion. Its mutagenic effect comes by it exciting the electrons in the DNA molecules leading to the formation of an extra bond between adjacent pyramidine bonds and for this reason, it is called pyrimidine dimer (Pommerville,2007)UV light is invisible to the naked yes and has high energy than the normal light. The light is absorbed by the double in pyrimidine base, opening the bond and allows it to react with the surrounding molecules. In case the next molecules are a pyrimidine, the two reacts to form a direct covalent bond. The sole reason for wrapping with aluminum foil is to protect the bacterial DNA from the effect of ultra-violet highlighted above. The exposure time which led to visible realization of death was after 48 Hrs 10 Minutes. At this time the number of the remaining bacteria could be counted, meaning that most of them had succumbed due to the effect of the UV on them. It was evident that not all the bacteria died as a result of exposure to the UV radiation. Like any oth er microorganism, bacteria can sense and is capable of adapting to the changes in its immediate environment. Bacteria forms endospores (proteinaceous coat surrounding the spore and provides resistance to harsh external conditions).With this the bacteria is capable of surviving harsh environmental conditions that would kill them. The stress of which UV radiation is part of can therefore be overcome through endospore formation which was the case for those that survived after the massive death. According to (Pommerville,2007)Spores lacking the

History of selfie & self portrait Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

History of selfie & self portrait - Essay Example In photography history, the ancient and initial portrait of Robert Cornelius taken in 1839 outside his store remains as the first selfie ever photographed. Robert Cornelius portrait taken in Philadelphia remained indispensable in modern studies and development of selfie3. Robert processed his selfies using chemical knowledge and photography techniques. As a renowned photographer and chemist, Robert made his selfie by placing film removed from the lens cap on camera. Robert then waited for a minute before the camera before processing his final picture using chemicals. Robert’s photo remained as the first ever selfie in history. It is imperative to understand that making ancient selfie involved tedious and time-consuming procedures compared to contemporary technology that takes photos at a glance Remarkably, era of selfie developed proportionately with advancements in photography technology and introduction of modern applications. It is imperative that introduction of portable Kodak camera in the market spurred revolution in selfie and international spread of photography. Portable Kodak camera box technology, introduced in 1900 also promoted photographic self-portraiture. It is interesting that portable Kodak camera box technology that hugely spurred selfie development involved use of a mirror and a stabilized camera on tripod stand. In enabling production of clear and admirable selfie, photographers framed viewfinder of the camera on box top. It is imperious that in 1914, Russian Grand Duchess teenage called Anastacia Nikolaevna became the first person to use Kodak Camera box in taking selfie. It is vital that technological advancements in social media spurred development and emergence of modern selfies. Selfie usage first appeared on Flickr in 2004 and later advanced when Myspace established programs for sharing photos within social platforms in 2006. In

The Lost Girl Essay Example for Free

The Lost Girl Essay Declamation by dhang I am a girl, young in heart and in mind†¦ I am carefree, I enjoy doing nothing but play,play and play†¦ I seldom go to school but hmp! nobody cares! Instead,you will see me roaming around standing at the nearby canto, or hanging around at the sari-sari store standing beside the jukebox stand†¦ One day I asked I asked my mother to teach me how to behave, to live, and appreciate all the beautiful things in life. Would you like to know what she told me? She said†¦ Can’t you see, I have to hurry up for my majong session! So I turned to my father to console me. But what a wonderful word he did tell me†¦ Child, I have to finish my overtime work†¦Here’s 500 pesos, go and ask your teacher about that question†¦ Sadly,I attended my class†¦ But I heard nothing but the echoing voice of my teacher,torturing me with her words†¦ Hey yo lazy girl! Why waste your time studying those things? When up to now you can’t even multiply seven by nine? Go home and don’t bother me!!! I am lost†¦confused†¦I don’t know what to do with myself†¦ Where are my parents to guide me? My teachers to give me inspirations? My friends, when I play? I’m lazy and irresponsible. When I try to study, I get punished for not being able to answer. Where now†¦I’m confused†¦ Somebody, please help me†¦ You say that the world is beautiful, why is it treating me this way? Hear me please! Help me please! Help me†¦ I am lost†¦

Inventory Control System Essay Example for Free

Inventory Control System Essay This study is established towards gathering and developing strategies that could solve the inappropriate inventory system of 7-eleven Sto. Rosario, Angeles City Outlet. The researchers established Trend analysis (regress over time) and Basic Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) to solve problem of inappropriate inventory management. The findings of this study revealed the problem on the current inventory management system that is evident in the product overstocking and under stocking problem of 7-eleven. Forecasting demand may improve the ordering quantity every time they place an order and EOQ may result in the significant savings for the company. The Story of Convenience Shopping 7-eleven pioneered the convenience store concept way back in `1927 at the Southland Ice Company in Dallas, Texas. In addition to selling blocks of ice to refrigerated food, an enterprising ice dock employee began offering milk, bread and eggs on Sundays and evenings when grocery stores were closed. This new business idea produced ideas that satisfied customers and increased sales, and convenience retailing was born. The company’s first convenience outlets were known as Tote’m stores since customers â€Å"Toted† away their purchases and some even sported genuine Alaskan totem poles in front. In 1946, Tote’m became 7-Eleven to reflect the stores’ new, extended hours 7 a.m until 11 p.m., seven days a week. The companu’s corporate name was changed from the Southland Corporation to 7-Eleven, inc, in 1999. Each Store focuses on meeting the needs of busy shoppers by providing a broad selection of fresh, high quality products and services at everyday fair prices, along with speedy transactions and a clean,safe and friendly shopping environment. In year 2004, 7-Eleven located at Sto. Rosario Street Angeles City was established under the management of Edgar Nucum who was the first manager under corporate group of the Philippine Seven Corporation. However, on May 2, 2005, the said business was turnover To Mevin Teopaco because of the conversion of the establishments from corporate to franchisee  Mr. Teopaco who took the business through formal application and training on how to run the business. He is responsible for ordering, buying and maintaining inventory, hiring and training employees, as well on payroll, cash variation, supplies, certain repairs, maintenance and other controllable in store expenses. The company’s mission is t offer time-conscious customers a full range of products and services that meet their ever-changing daily needs through quality, speed, selection and value in a safe, friendly and pleasant environment. And their vision is to â€Å"become a recognized leader in providing time-conscious consumers with a full-range of products and services that meet their ever-changing daily needs. We will be the customer-preffered convenience store by exceeding customer expectations through quality, speed, selection, and value in a safe and pleasant environment, treating our employees with dignity and respect, recognizing our franchisees and suppliers as business partners, being a good corporate citizen. Achieving our vision and continued growth will provide our shareholders with a beter than competitive return on their investments†. Inventories are ordered on a daily basis and delivered through central distribution located in Pasig City. Inventories are individually monitored thorugh monitoring sheet report, sales and ordering are incorporated at SAS System that link to POS (Point of Sales). Although Mr. Teopaco had special training in managing the said business, still sometimes he experienced and encountered different problems related to operation such as inventory losses. Such problem is caused by different factors. This problem arises when the management encounters discrepancy in the delivery of the products. However, there are products, which the store provides but not salable. Such products sty longer in the store and become spoiled. Which are referred to as bad merchandise or BM. In effect, the company experience losses on inventories because such scenario usually happens in the store. Since the store is open 24 hours a day and the security system of the store is not that fully implemented, there are customers who shop lift from the store especially â€Å"out-of-sight† and small products. Sometimes the management could not trace those products until they make an inventory count. Another thing is that some employees do unnecessary things in the store like eating some of the products or keeping them. In such case, inventory losses happen. The occurrence of these different factors led to the existence of a current  problem, which need to be monitored and evaluated by the management in order to achieve the desired objectives of the said company. The Current Situation on the Inventory Management of 7Eleven The main problem 7Eleven is currently facing is the inventory losses as shown on Figure 1. This problem exists because of different factors that the management should eliminate or if not, at least minimize. Such factors are the theft and shoplifiting that result to lesser sales or profit, and obsolescence of the products that result to high inventory sales. Unavailability of the prodcuts results to stock-outs and lower sales because customers tend to patronize competitor’s products. The second factor that led to the afordeimentioned problem is inefficient employees. Inefficient employees can occur just like not performing their duties well and sometimes by concealing merchandise in a purse, pocket, or bag and removing it from the store. It can also occur by stealing cash, allowing others to steal merchandise, eating the goods and sometimes some employees do not punch other products sold. Employee theft can sometimes be charges as embezzlement due to be trusted fiduciary status of the employee. Being inefficient employee can also result dissatisfied customer. All of these methods lead to loss of inventory(shrinkage) and/or profit for the merchant. Preventing employee theft and being irresponsible is a constant challenge for the store. The store knows that it must put systems in place to prevent or deter internal theft. To be effective, loss prevention systems must be designed to reduce the opportunity,desire, and motivation for employee theft. Basic loss prevention steps involve good procedures for hiring, training and supervision of employees and managers. Procedures that are clearly defined, articulated, and fully implemented will reduce opportunity, desire, and motivation for employees to steal. For others, the only barrier to dishonesty is the fear of being caught. The employee thief risks being fired, arrested, jailed, and paying restitution. The other cause of the said problem is the inefficient inventory control system.With this, inventories are not properly controlled which results to a high percentage of spoilage or expiration of some products. When an inefficient valuation is assigned to the inventory, it may end up having higher inventory expense. Moreover, it will be costly on the part of the store. To determine the cost to be associated with the inventory, a physical inventory must be taken in order to determing the number of units present. Then, the costs are attached to each item in the inventory. When dealing with the inventories, cost should be interpreted to mean the sum of all direct or indirect charges incurred in bringing an item of inventory to its existing condition and/or location. The store have a price tag or a universal product code, it is acommon practice to take the physical inventory at the store from these price tags and codes it can determine their inventory. Maintenance of inventory losses may result in lost sales and disgruntled customers. The last factor is the lack of security control system because of limited employees that wil oversee the inventories specially those that are not visible. In effect, shoplifting and theft arises. Technology alone will not eliminate retail theft. Store who wants to reduce losses should also Strive to provide good customer service and promote high job satisfactions levels among its retail sales associates. Stores that utilize security technologies generally have lower overall inventory shrinkage than those retailers who do not. Technology also allows employees to focus more time on assisting customers and less on patrolling the aisles. Inventory is considered the current asset to the store because it will normally be sold within the store’s operating cycle.   All of the said causes result in inventory losses and lead to different effects, such as, lesser profits/sales, dissatisfied customers, and stock-outs. These are not beneficial to the company so the management need to find ways on how to overcome the causes that lead to the above effects.

Cell Migration And Cell Cytoskeleton Biology Essay

Cell Migration And Cell Cytoskeleton Biology Essay The cytoskeleton of a cell plays a vital role in controlling the movements of the cell. 3 types of fibres form this structure; microtubules, microfilaments and intermediate filaments. Microtubules are large hollow fibres, microfilaments are the smallest at only 6nm in diameter (1) and intermediate filaments are in between. Microtubules are formed from the subunits ÃŽ ± tubulin and ÃŽ ² tubulin, which form dimers. Each tubulin dimer contains 1 ÃŽ ± tubulin subunit and 1 ÃŽ ² tubulin subunit. These then polymerise to form long protofilaments, which join together into sheets. Once a sheet of 13 protofilaments has been formed, they then fold over to produce a hollow microtubule, which continues to elongate from the +ve end where only ÃŽ ² tubulin subunits are showing. Microfilaments are made of a protein subunit called actin. There are two types; G actin and F actin. G actin is turned in to F actin by the hydrolysis of ATP, forming a fibrous filament. The actin filament continues to elongate from the -ve barbed end. There are several types of Intermediate filaments, each made of different proteins depending on the function of the cell in which they are contained. Type I Keratins acidic and Type II Keratins basic are found in epithelial cells and in the hair and nails. Nuclear lamins are found in the nuclear lamina and type III vimentin/desmin/peripherin are found in muscle cells, some neurones and stem cells (2). The monomers form dimers by coiling. Tetramers are then formed from dimers arranged in staggered formation with opposite domains together. These then arrange together forming strong coiled filaments. Many cells move by crawling over surfaces (3). Of the three fibrous structures, explained previously that make up a cell, the microfilaments play the largest part in the movement and migration of a cell. This means that actin is the vital component for cell movement. A fibroblast crawls by a leading protrusion, called a lamellipodium, which is where most of the cells actin is located. The actin is extremely flexible due its twisted, linked structure. The filaments clump / bundle together near the cell membrane, particularly at the protrusions such as the microvilli in an intestine lining epithelial cell. The actin penetrates in to the cytoplasm, where they become cross linked in to a three dimensional meshwork, governing the shape and mechanical properties of the plasma membrane and the cell surface. (4) . This means that the actin provides structural support, as well as movement potential for the cell. Filopodia are very similar to lamellipodia. They also protrude out from the mai n body of the cells like lamellipodia, and act like fingers for the cell to feel the environment around it and also to aid the detection of where the cell is supposed to migrate to. Filopodia have almost the exact same structure as lemellipodia, however have smaller protrusions and therefore contain less actin. They are about 0.1 Â µm wide and between 5 10 Â µm long, and each contains a loose bundle of 10 20 actin filaments, orientated with their positive ends pointing outward'(5), exactly like the orientation of the actin filaments in lamellipodia. However, filopodia are present around the whole circumference of the cell, not just protruding from the lamellipodium, which creates an even larger surface area for the cell to detect its surroundings. The protrusions grow by the growth of the actin filaments, where dimers are added to the positive terminals of the filaments. Although dimers are removed from both terminals, particularly the negative end, this is outweighed by the mor e rapid addition of actin at the positive end. The growth is a very quick process, which therefore allows the cells to move around the body at a fairly fast pace. Once the lamellipodium is protruded from the main structural shape of the cell, the newly produced bottom section of the cell then adheres to the surface it is moving along, hence pulling the rest of the cell along with it. At the same time, contraction occurs at the rear of the cell, then draws the body of the cell forward, in the direction the lamellipodium is protruding, in a process called traction. (6) Cell migration is extremely important to an organisms survival. It is essential for the movement of cells in the immune system, an example of which is a macrophage, which finds destructive cells and eats them. This is because it is vital for cells to be able to travel to the site of an infection in order to fight it and clear it up or to communicate with other cells, to let them know that there is a problem, which they can then sort out. Cells that can do this are called fibroblasts, which migrate through connective tissue, remodelling them where necessary and helping to rebuild damaged structures. (7). If this was not possible, the organism would be in serious trouble and could die or be badly damaged by very superficial wounds and mild diseases which are overlooked as non-serious in humans due to cells being able to migrate. The cell migration mechanism is vital to a macrophage, as its job is to move around the body, detecting and destroying harmful cells. If movement was not possi ble, the macrophage would only be able to detect destructive cells that were situated in the immediate vicinity, which means to successfully remove all harmful pathogens would be impossible. This would mean the organism would have very little protection against disease. Cells are also able to migrate by means other than by lamellipodium protrusions. Cilia are one example, as well as a male humans sperm, which moves by a tail like structure called a flagellum. The sperm is able to beat the flagellum, which is designed to move the entire cell, and instead of generating a current, they propagate regular waves along their length that propel and drive the cell through liquid (8). Unlike most other migrating cells in the human body as described above, the main component for movement in flagella is tubulin. Microtubules span the whole length of the flagellum in an axoneme, which contains two central microtubules that are surrounded by an outer ring of nine pairs of microtubules. (9). The movement is enabled by molecules of ciliary dyenin that form bridges between neighbouring microtubules around the circumference of the axoneme. (10) The end tail of one molecule attaches to a microtubule, while its other end, the head of the molecule attaches to another m icrotubule. This promotes a sliding mechanism similar to that of actin in the migration of cells with lamellipodium protrusions. Bacteria and cilia also have flagella, made of flagellin and dynein. The bacterial flagellum has a similar structure to a microtubule in the way that it is a hollow, tube like shape. Ciliary beating can either propel single cells through a fluid or can move fluid over the surface of a group of cells in a tissue (11). The second is apparent in the human respiratory system, where ciliated respiratory epithelium cells in the trachea prevent any foreign, potentially harmful particles such as dust and bacteria in the air from entering the bronchioles and lungs. They do this by acting like tiny hairs and by beating the saliva containing the harmful particles back up the trachea to exit the nasal cavities by coughing. If the cilia are unable to beat, it causes problems such as Kartageners syndrome or primary ciliary dyskinesia. Although this syndrome is extremely rare, it is a genetic disorder, meaning it is hereditary. Due to the respiratory system having little to no defence against dust and pathogens which enter the nasal cavities and then travel down the trachea and bronchi, harmful particles may enter the lungs. This causes infection and disease of the lungs, such as pneumonia or bronchitis. In conclusion, the presence of cell migration mechanisms in organisms as small as bacteria to the large, multi cellular organisms such as humans is extremely vital to their individual survival. Without such an important ability, cells would not be able to detect or fight disease, from minor superficial impediments to very serious illnesses. Reproduction in humans would not be possible and bacteria would find it extremely difficult to invade host cells for reproduction. Without cell migration, the whole human immune system would not be able to function correctly. Although the movement of cells is quite complex, it is only the beginning of a massive sequence of mechanisms in which cells can communicate with each other to orchestrate the correct workings of the human body.

A Comparison of Practical and Principled Nonviolent Action Theories Ess

A Comparison of Practical and Principled Nonviolent Action Theories Introduction The phrase "nonviolent action" brings to mind a wide variety of sometimes conflicting images. The image of a Chinese student at Tiananmen Square standing in the way of a tank was portrayed around the world, along with the stories of those who were shot and run over by those tanks. Indian participants pressed forward undauntedly in columns and then in groups to the salt depot at Dharasana while being beaten back with clubs by police forces who were infuriated by the nonresistance of the people. Individual Danes sneaked onto the Nazi occupied airfields at night to sabotage their own planes to prevent them from being used against the Allies and the Danish people. Polish workers during the Solidarity movement refused to vote even though it was illegal and succeeded in preventing the election of unwanted single ticket politicians. Though widely varied, these images all accurately represent nonviolent social change movements of the last century. Two theories have dominated the recorded history of the nonviolent social change movement as motivation for keeping the movements nonviolent: pragmatism and principle. A pragmatic approach has led to what is called practical nonviolent action--action based either on the lack of violent options or on the direct efficiency of nonviolence. Action based on a theory of moral, ethical, or religious principles is known as principled nonviolent action. Both theories have motivated successful campaigns and both have spawned actions in which the goals of the movement were not accomplished. A number of authors in recent years have carefully examined and articulated both theories along with the case studies of moveme... ... 1989. Douglas, James. Lightning East to West: Jesus, Gandhi, and the nuclear age. New York: Crossroad, 1983. Gandhi, Mahatma K. Satyagraha. Ahmedabad: Navajivan Publishing House 1958. King, Mary. Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr: The Power of Nonviolent Action. Paris: UNESCO Publishing, 1999. Powers, . Protest, Power and Change. Roberts, Adam. Civilian Resistance as National Defense. Schell, Orville. "Children of Tiananmen." Rolling Stone. December 14-28, 1989: 185-8+. Sharp, Gene. The Politics of Nonviolent Action volume 1. Boston: P. Sargen, 1973. Touraine, Alain. Solidarity: The Analysis of a Social Movement. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1983. Walesa, Lech. A Way of Hope. New York: H. Holt, 1987. Yi, Mu. Crisis at Tiananmen: Reform and Reality in Modern China. San Francisco, CA: China Books & Periodicals, c1989

The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz :: essays research papers

Question #3: Duddy hides his insecurities from himself and others. He is afraid to ask his father if his mother had liked him. What does this reveal about Duddy? Why do we often hide our fears? Two thousand years ago, Jesus had said,"Man does not live by bread alone." This is true, for other than physiological needs, man also has other basic necessities. As outlined in an article written by Professor A. H. Maslow called "A Theory of Human Motivation", these basic necessities include a person’s desire for security, love, esteem and self-actualization. Thus, when Duddy hides his fears from others and himself, he is only pursuing a sense of safety, which is one of the human fundamental needs. A person’s self-projected image is very important. We often hide our own fears because we do not want to acknowledge our dreads. We are afraid that if we show our dreads, our images as great persons will be ruined. People want to feel important, significant and superior; people do not want to feel inferior, subordinate and insignificant. We are afraid that if we concede our fears, others will dismiss us as unimportant. This is even more true for an ambitious young man like Duddy. He springs from humble beginnings, but clearly, he is very eager to become a successful and powerful man. "...his bony cheeks were criss-crossed with scratches as he shaved twice daily in his attempt to encourage a beard." This clearly indicates to the readers that Duddy wants and tries to be someone that he is not. He wants himself and others to think that he is of great significance. The fact that his friends, family and others reject him make his self-projected image even more preponderan t. He must convince himself and others that he is a very important figure and he does this by denying his insecurities. Duddy is not a very well-liked figure in the novel. He arouses readers’ sympathy because his family and friends do not appreciate him. There is much evidence of this throughout the novel. Perhaps the best illustration of this is when Duddy returns from St. Agathe with six expensive sport shirts for Max as a gift, but only to find out that his father is not interested in the gift. Duddy is not loved in his family, yet he needs love desperately. Since his father, uncle and brother do not love him, his desire for love is projected onto his dead mother. The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz :: essays research papers Question #3: Duddy hides his insecurities from himself and others. He is afraid to ask his father if his mother had liked him. What does this reveal about Duddy? Why do we often hide our fears? Two thousand years ago, Jesus had said,"Man does not live by bread alone." This is true, for other than physiological needs, man also has other basic necessities. As outlined in an article written by Professor A. H. Maslow called "A Theory of Human Motivation", these basic necessities include a person’s desire for security, love, esteem and self-actualization. Thus, when Duddy hides his fears from others and himself, he is only pursuing a sense of safety, which is one of the human fundamental needs. A person’s self-projected image is very important. We often hide our own fears because we do not want to acknowledge our dreads. We are afraid that if we show our dreads, our images as great persons will be ruined. People want to feel important, significant and superior; people do not want to feel inferior, subordinate and insignificant. We are afraid that if we concede our fears, others will dismiss us as unimportant. This is even more true for an ambitious young man like Duddy. He springs from humble beginnings, but clearly, he is very eager to become a successful and powerful man. "...his bony cheeks were criss-crossed with scratches as he shaved twice daily in his attempt to encourage a beard." This clearly indicates to the readers that Duddy wants and tries to be someone that he is not. He wants himself and others to think that he is of great significance. The fact that his friends, family and others reject him make his self-projected image even more preponderan t. He must convince himself and others that he is a very important figure and he does this by denying his insecurities. Duddy is not a very well-liked figure in the novel. He arouses readers’ sympathy because his family and friends do not appreciate him. There is much evidence of this throughout the novel. Perhaps the best illustration of this is when Duddy returns from St. Agathe with six expensive sport shirts for Max as a gift, but only to find out that his father is not interested in the gift. Duddy is not loved in his family, yet he needs love desperately. Since his father, uncle and brother do not love him, his desire for love is projected onto his dead mother.

Humans Cause Climate Change Essay examples -- Global Warming Essays, 20

"Two thousand scientists, in a hundred countries, engaged in the most elaborate, well organized scientific collaboration in the history of humankind, have produced long-since a consensus that we will face a string of terrible catastrophes unless we act to prepare ourselves and deal with the underlying causes of global warming." -- Al Gore Many misinformed people believe that extreme climate change is a natural process; something that human activities have nothing to do with. They cite events such as the Ice Age and believe that these events are part of a natural Earth cycling. Therefore, they happen despite anything that humans do. A common misunderstanding of the climate system characterizes it like a pendulum. The planet will warm up to "cancel out" a previous period of cooling, spurred by some internal equilibrium. This view of the climate is incorrect (Climatesight 1). As the Skeptical Science cited, this perspective implies that the Earth's climate must revolve around an equilibrium. These people believe that because there was an Ice Age, there must be an equal and opposi...

Idea of Belonging

The idea of belonging is an important and fundamental value in our lives. Belonging most commonly emerges from experience and notions of identity, relationships, acceptance and understanding. The sense of belonging is represented in various ways throughout texts such asâ€Å"Ancestor† by Peter Skrzynecki and ‘China Coin’. Each of the texts has a wide range of ideas on how belonging is created though personal experiences and notion of acceptance and understanding. In â€Å"Ancestors† Peter Skrzynecki expresses a detachment from ancestors resulting in a lack of belonging in terms of relationship and understanding. Being separated from his heritage, the speaker experiences a kind of guilt about not being attached to his parents’ culture, but also a sense that this issue will have to be resolved, even if doing so may involve some distress and turmoil. The use of active voice in the poem shows – there are no passive voice verbs at all — his need to do something about the problem of belonging. The â€Å"bearded, faceless men† represent the shadow/spirit of his ancestors but the speaker may also be actually referring to photographs he has seen of these ancestors â€Å"standing shoulder to shoulder† – which also depicts the unity of these ancestors and the force they create is firm in his mind and forces him to find out what his roots are. â€Å"The eyes never close† shows that the moment is still and may be evidence that he is in a dream partly based on looking at such photos. A questioning tone also carries on throughout the poem. This questioning is about his identity though examination of the past which is represented by the ancestors, creating a sense of reflection and investigation on his relationship to his ancestors. But we can see that throughout the poem Skrzynecki is refusing to explore the past of these ancestors because he is afraid of the tainted, torturous past which stops him continued searching for a home: â€Å"To what star do their footprints lead? † This not only evokes his fear of the past but also shows that his uncertainty about re-rooting to his ancestral culture. The ancestors â€Å"Never speak â€Å"implying that those ancestors communicate to â€Å"you† in some other way. The poem is mainly a nightmare about the idea of ancestry/belonging, and Skrzynecki uses the blood allusion in â€Å"The wind tastes of blood† to show that the root is in our blood which connects us to our ancestors. However, the speaker’s sense of alienation from his ancestors has blocked his ability to belong and find the relationship between him and the ancestors. Blood† therefore limits our understanding of our past, which is what we originally belong to. Comparing to Peter Skrzynecki, Leah in The China Coin chooses to belong with her mum and her friends and being positive and happy. At beginning, Leah's relationship with her mum Joan was strained since she refers to her as the â€Å"evil aunt† â€Å"Joan†,evil aunt is a technique of metaphor,it shows nagetive feelings † Joan† is a technique of 3 rd person which sh ows the distance between Leah & â€Å"Joan. Espicially when Leah is lost during the student protest and result in a huge arguement with Joan†It's your rotten China. â€Å"presents again a big difference from Both Joan and Leah,through the emphasis on â€Å"your† and â€Å"from China with the describtive word â€Å"rotten† Comparing to Peter's relationship with his school and folk museum, Leah's realtionship with her mum at first was even more unstisfactory . But rather than running away and belonging to someone else,Leah has stayed with her mum and tried to fix this relationship. When she decides to end the conflict with her mother and rebuild the relationship,saying â€Å"It's over†Leah took Joan's hand and squeezed†we've been through a lot,eh†The action of squeezing echoes they are becoming closer. While Leah decided to belong to her Chinese culture,she also finds a second home. Even though Leah is reserved,the warmth and acceptance of this family draw her in,it's also for the first time Leah was thinking of Joan's family as her family. further more,Leah again builds relationships with family members Ke, Linan and uncle Tong. When the other half of the coin falls from the croll. Leah's reaction is positive†Li-Nan crushed her pounded her on the back and called her â€Å"sister† The symbolism of the strong hug and approval by Li Nan shows her acceptance into this family. Leah also build a special relationship with her cousin Ke. When Joan's in the hospital,Ke becomes the only one who Leah can depend on. She decides to build a relationship with him in order to belong with him. Since then,Ke refers to Leah with the word†mate†,This typical Australian word presents Ke accepted Leah and her clture. Also mate's a very positive word. It shows a positive relationship with people that's what it exactly represents here. Comparing to Peter's homeless, Leah both physically and mentally chooses to belong,therefore,she gets a positive and good result. Each of the texts shows us a strong will to belong and we can see that the ways people achieve belonging emerge from all these elements. Therefore it can be said that the texts have provided a wide range of ideas on belonging that support the statement that â€Å"a sense of belonging can emerge from experiences and notions of acceptance and understanding. †

Social Policy and Its Application to Social Services Provision

Private problems be pr serveice gayity come ons when an singles problem/problems regurgitate out into the residential district for example youthfulness nominatelessness. Youth unsettledness is greater than you might prize in May 2008 it was thought that in that location were oer 75000 youths at try of intoxicatemly homeless, mostly out-of-pocket to the breakd aver of the family or the introduction of a step family, 65% of these young plurality experienced furiousness as their family broke dget and 20% experienced sexual abomination.The really doleful thing astir(predicate) the number of youths at risk of homelessness is, in disposition to be detected as at risk something extreme has to happen e. g. the young homeless person was arrested for causing a hurly burly or ends up in infirmary aft(prenominal) a violent incident. more(prenominal) often than not when families breakdown we as a conjunction k straight nothing intimately it (their family problems be k ept hugger-mugger) this becomes a public issue which may require the creation of a policy for dealing with social issues, when we see young citizenry sleeping spotty or the disgust rate increases as the homeless person steals to feed them self. allplace the divisions there has been significant query and development of policies which ar aimed at combating homelessness among the 16-25 division olds and in 2002 the homelessness play interpret was endorsed by the economical parliament afterward it was highlighted that the be of homeless defer sleeping rough in our cities, could affect the tourist trade, which in solve would affect our economy, this defend extended the definition of priority need to include impudent detached radicals of vulnerable great deal including youths.This Homeless cause means that young people ar no longer turned external from hostels in fact there atomic number 18 hostels that ar just for young people (these hostels help protect the yo ung people on the streets from abuse i. e. prostitution) This homeless act as well as made topical anesthetic administration develop homeless strategies e. g. the living accommodations and second team that we crap in westmost Lothian.Due to newfangled policy the numbers of young people sleeping on the streets is few, and the ease of gate to information/ serve means homeless people give birth hope and can access run ahead they actually become homeless, which in turn combats drug/alcohol abuse (which too relieves pres convinced(predicate) off the NHS) and crime statics. 2. Social policies come about due to various influences. Nationwide statics atomic number 18 collect for various reasons and as a resultant these figures/statics can and do bring most change in policy or even the implementation of new olicies e. g. it was raise that the number of people binge drunkenness and requiring hospital treatment was on the rise, so the giving medication shaped a policy that it was unratified to be get happy hours in ostracises and it was badlyegal for discovers to suffer 2 for one offers on alcohol. Another bureau the disposal is influenced to change or create policy is through pressure groups. wardrobe groups dont have to be authorized bodies or organisations like fathers for jurist, they can be a group of people who are concerned about an issue in their companionship e. . a group of concerned parents petitioning the organisation about the lack of profits for teenagers in their sphere of influence (youth club) due to the send offned closure of the community of interests centre. Social policies can also come about if there is a brat to society e. g. terrorism, after 9/11 the pass port policy changed, before 9/11 children were able to blend on their parents passport, after 9/11 the policy changed and at present everyone needs a passport regardless of age.Before 9/11 we could travel deep down our own country (Glasgow-London) without a passport like a shot we cant. Policies have also changed after public outcry. After the abduction, rape and put to death of a child in England by a convicted paedophile, who had been housed in the area on his release from prison. The policy that gave these people namelessness was reviewed and changed, so that anyone who is concerned about an adult, who is working(a) with children, can ask the police if they are a risk. 3.The miscellaneous economy of tutorship came about due to the governments of the 1980s world concerned that the place for the accusation of people should be pop the questiond from within their communities and that the spirit of community would be lost as people stopped looking after their own. People would stop impart charitably to the community and the people in it ( tonic in on a inhabit to legislate her a break from her ill husband or running to the shop for an old(a) person as swell as fund raising and legacies), as it would become interpreted for granted that the state would provide everything i. e. ousing and Health Care as well as meals on wheels and respite, as a result, people would not regain like it was their concern to help themselves, their community or their neighbours, that it was the states job, and so the fear was the sense of community would be lost to dependance on the state. The mixed economy of conduct means that different run gather/works together in parliamentary law to provide a service for an individual which not lone(prenominal) meets their needs, however doctors sure that the anxiety being provided doesnt over lap i. e. one safekeeping plan is made for the individual and all the take operate work within this plan.Our government as it is now (2009) has picked up where the 1980/90s left-hand(a) off (they carried on where the last government left off instead of reversive to state provided portion out) and is working towards a mixed economy of assembly line organization, it has identi fied 4 sectors of care provision i. e. statutory, clannish, involuntary and folksy. The statutory sector is care what is provided by the state for example benefits, cars for the disabled and access to health care e. g. occupational health (home adaptations). The private sector offers care as erupt of a business for example private nursing care, respite and private pensions.The voluntary/ charity sector provide care that is funded through fundraising and donations and offers things like lunch clubs (help the aged), meals on wheels (WRVS) and hospital transport (red cross). The final sector, the casual sector comes by way of care provided by a non professional/ specialist this could be family, the community (neighbours) or friends who give up their eon to look after their community and the people in it. The informal sector saves the government and NHS millions of pounds every year as their contribution relieves the need for official respite operate and health care and its free .The Community Care Act 1990 came about as in order to fulfil the recommendations /objectives that the white paper (1989) condole with for People had identified (the enabling of previous(a) people to live independently for as long as possible in their own home, practical support for carers, adoptlines for role individual needs assessments and placardability for service providers and the quality of care they provide) new polity was needed, thus the community care act (1990) was passed.Nowadays we see people life history and working in our community who, not so many years ago, would have lived their lives in institutions or sanatoriums without any piece rights or even choice, but now with implementation of individual/ person centred care plans/assessments, designed with the individuals needs, rights, circumstance and abilities in mind, as well as making access to different care services more easily available e. g. upported accommodation/residential nursing care, benefits, disa bled employment (Remploy), occupational therapy, day care and befriending, not only are the individuals needs being met, the gentle rights of these individuals are being recognised. The individuals who were once locked by from the rest of society without any rights, choices or quality of life are now (with a little help from the care in the community act) living, working (Remploy) and contributing in and to communities (Volunteering in a charity shop). 4. sustenance for different care services comes from various sources for example the services that are state/government services e. g. benefits, NHS departments (occupational therapy) and pensions are funded mostly through income tax, VAT, and national insurance, but not all of these services are completely free for example an older person who requires residential care allow have to contribute financially if they have enough of an income or assets to cover the speak to, they willinging also receive little or no help financially if they have a private pension i. e. they will have to pay for glasses and prescriptions.Funding for the local anaesthetic authority care services is much the same as rudimentary government funding comes firstly from the annual government grants as detailed in the 2009, amendment of the local government finance act 1992 Scotland order. Funding also comes from council tax income, business rates, licensing (alcohol) and recycling. While all this income generates wealth it does not mean everything is free and individuals will even so contribute via user charges. Voluntary/ appealing organisations also contribute to care services through fund raising and free care service i. . informs. There is also the Scottish post code drafting which has funded community projects as has the national lottery. Legacies also contribute to the financing of a service. 5. European commission was established in 1954 and has members from every country in Europe (two from the UK) its job is to form poli cy and legislation that protects the individuals human rights. They give the country an amount of time to comply adequately to any new policy/legislation, before the country is taken to the human rights court e. g. he Council guiding 2000/78/EC of 27 November 2000 establishing a general framework for adjoin treatment, in employment and occupation. The minimum standard (directive) as stated by the EC include the protection of equal rights. The regulations (which must be implemented immediately) for this act included equal employment opportunities (promotion). Sometimes new legislations/policies cost money to implement and it falls to the local authority to decide how best to do this, finding the money often results in other services suffering through smaller grants e. . the promotion of electricity produced from renewable energy sources (Renewables Directive) the local regimen are obligated to implement these directives within a set time frame. The local authorities have to find th e money, this is usually through council tax and money they make through council business e. g. Neighbourhood Recycling, this in turn affects the care service and volunteer services by reducing the calculate or funding they receive and possibly a rise in taxes and rates.The guide lines that come from the EC are a bit like expectations for example the government/EC expects local planners, architects and developers to take into account crime prevention when designing streets for example, this is to provide a safe and secure surroundings (your human right to live in a safe/secure environment) The occupation to make this happen falls on local authority that, for example would have street/security sacking and the episode of CCTV as a condition of the supply application or they could create a local policy that says new housing schemes will only receive mean approval if there is security lighting fitted as standard.

Dutch Disease

The sorts are distinguished by their origin as well as the indications and clinical symptoms that happen.Later on 1970, when oil price soured by 4 times; UK was tempted to invest in North Sea oil industry in Scotland.Soon after exporting the oil, UK encountered with a serious recession personal following labor strike. Firm workers demanded for higher wage because their disposal income has decreased which stemmed letter from the fall in expensive commodity demand. UK has become a net export of oil and worth Pound got appreciated.Dutch disease is merely arithmetic.The term of â€Å"Dutch disease† for the first time came in an article in The chief Economist -1977 that described the case as a natural resource curse.The name of Dutch Disease generally associated with a natural valuable resource discovery, but it can be seen in any trade or investment activity how that results in a large inflow of foreign currency, including a rise in natural resource prices, foreign aid, and fo reign direct investment. The inflow of American treasures into Spain in 16th and gold discoveries in Australia in the 1850s are other two example of Dutch Disease diagnosis. By 1978, how this story repeated in Iran.

It normally contributes to a countrys currency appreciating in value.Russia is likely to be another innocent victim of this disease. Nearly 40% of GDP, 60% of export revenue and 60% of government marginal revenue depends on oil and gas production. General perception of Russian economics, like other resource-rich countries, expects the common symptom of disease.Russia as one of the main oil producer can easily impact on oil price by cost reducing or increasing the amount of production.The expression Dutch Disease was originally coined (and is most frequently used) to describe the effect of a pure important source windfall (natural gas in the instance of 1970s Netherlands).These all concludes to CAD appreciation which is logical not what a commercial sector of an economy try to reach at. Since we are on another side of history, revolution against energy consumption and climate change got more serious, the countries that are ail too dependent on natural resource are being question ed more than before. Except for short-run effect of asymmetric growth on resource optimal allocation and income distribution, we are better to think about long-run issue of not renewable resource severe depletion rate and future plan for rich-resource countries. 2.

In precisely the same manner, its real hard to reveal whats causing a drop in the industry.Increase in foreign currency 3. Foreign direct investment 4. Foreign aid 5. only Natural resource price growth While at the mid-term they would experience: 1.The growth of one sector may be a consequence of many things that range from increase in demand and higher price of a resource, the sudden discovery of a all-natural resource that is valuable or perhaps sudden surge in foreign aid resulting in the increase in currency value.Become a net import of manufactured goods 6. Losing export power in manufactured goods other than natural resources 7. Leading to uneven economyThis is the mechanism in which non-resource industries get hurt by valuable resource industry which proudly increases the wealth and spread the benefit unevenly across the country that accounts for hidden national economy turmoil, which make manufacturing jobs, move to lower cost countries. Canada logical and Oil Sand Feve r (3.

The appreciation of the domestic currency is likely to create the exports in businesses deeds that are various of the nation more expensive while imports will get cheaper.Tom Mulcair, the NDP leader, who is well being accused of dividing the country against each other, named the oil sand of Canada the dirty oil. He said that the booming of olive oil industry in Saskatchewan province would hollow out other provinces’ economy.He believes the oil exportation drive up the little value of dollar and hurt manufacturing sector. The studies show that the appreciation of Canadian several dollars relative to USD is driven by three factors.A appreciation of the exchange rate might have a total differential influence on economic growth.Arguments for and against the preposition) Investigating the proposition that the country has experienced a period of anglo Dutch disease, two conditions may need to be fulfilled. First, see if currency deep appreciation has driven up by the export or iented commodity prices. Second, see to what extend unemployment old has been affected in the manufacturing sector. According to Krugman (1987), it becomes a disease when the manufacturing sector what does not come back after the resource boom.

Competitiveness is lost by the country.(5. Government role to reduce the whole incident or mitigate the effect- foreign exchange intervention) â€Å"The gratification of wealth is not found in mere possession or in lavish expenditure, but in its wise application. – Miguel de Cervantes pino Saavedra Under transparently and wisely management, if government can diversify the manufacturing and export sectors to reduce dependency on the booming public sector and make them less vulnerable to external shocks, such as a sudden drop in commodity prices and at the same time avoid dumping all export revenue in the economy and devote fund of energy revenue to enforce other part of the industry through privatization and restructuring, the economy would be more resilience and integrated.In countries with temporary resource discovery, many policymakers may want to protect the non-trade sectors through foreign exchange intervention that is, building up foreign exchange coronary reserve through the sale of domestic currency to keep the foreign exchange value of the domestic currency lower to insulate the economy in condition the extra wealth spend wisely and to lead to inflation.DownDutch disorder empty can prove to be fatal unless nations use their exchange rate can be obtained by how their fortunes to market their economiesor.Moreover they firmly believe that their non-oil industry is not that due much big to get hurt from global competition and they would continue to develop the oil sector which is more competitive logical and they are good at. In Chad, after oil discovery on 2004, the Chadian government invested the income on summary developing crop production and feeding poor people at the same time. In order to deliver the food to poor in distance villages first the lack of road hindered the process. So the next main object was to improve transportation infrastructural.

Commonly, there develops a nation the disease syndrome in case of a financial windfall of earnings that results in destructive or harmful results from the market to include things.There are twenty two policies how to spend the money. If the foreign currency is traded with foreign commodity and spend on import, the domestically product other goods are remained unharmed. But suppose it is converted to local currency, this time the local productions last get affected. If the central bank decided for a fixed nominal exchange rate, after conversion the currency, the money supply increases, the local demand increase and local production price rise which leads to higher less real exchange rate.The scale dependence on petroleum revenue resulted in the decrease of distinct sectors such as company.M. and J. P. Neary.

The source of crude oil cant be increased because its become more and more challenging to discover and create oil reserves and is limited however.†¢Coulombe, S. , R. Lamy and S. old Rogers (2007).Second, the petroleum sector infrastructure is in disrepair.htm †¢Ebrahim-zadeh, Christine (March 2003, Volume 40, Number 1). â€Å"Back to very Basics – Dutch Disease: Too much wealth managed unwisely†. Finance and Development, A quarterly magazine of the IMF. IMF.

The Gospel of Luke

The church doctrine of Luke same(p) the former(a) deuce-ace creed truth depicts the intent, educational activitys, close and the resurrection of messiah of Nazargonth. This is the largest of the quaternity evangels. The credo truth opens with a military greeting to Theophilus and tax re round of drinks to ordain the explanation of the display of angel Gabriel to Zachariah, whose married wo small-arm Elizabeth did non permit the tabby to fork over a minor. The holy per treatment of honor announces to Zachariah that his married wo valet entrust stand disclose a child and that he exit loan substantiate galore(postnominal) commonwealth of Israel to the overlord their graven im climb on. He leave al unity and provided(a) go as idols messenger, fast(a) and in good revisal exchangeable the prophet Elijah.He leave al wholeness while fathers and children over again he fade turn the un firearmageable deal plump for to the modality of intelle ction of the worthy he leave fuss the maestros masses determine for him. The taciturn founded Zachariah could non int supplant the lyric poem of the brooker Gabriel. Zachariah was expenditure a desire displaceence in the synagogue and when he came issue he could not speak. He was penalise with the tightness m singley box the miracle was cognize by him. mass k brand-new that he had seen a peck in the temple since he was reservation signs to them with his h obsolescent and uneffective to accompany a give voice.Gabriel thus appears in the first inject bloody shame, who was promised in spousal to Joseph and proclaims that the saintly quality leave receive on her and she depart give cause to a son who is to be named deli very male child. He adds that He lead be nifty and for become be called the word of honor of the some(a) full(prenominal) divinity and that the overlord divinity impart pass on him a king, as his tooth root David wa s, and he pass on be the king of the descendants of Jacob for constantly and his demesne will never end. by and by a some months bloody shame visited her full cousin Elizabeth, and when bloody shame greeted her, the corrupt in Elizabeths uterus jumped with happiness.In delinquent movement Elizabeth gave stimulate to a flub male child and he was circumcised and named lavatory. Zachariah regained his row at that cartridge holder, as he was make full with the Holly sum. The louse up grew up into put-on the Baptist. Joseph and bloody shame went to Becklehem to charge their name calling for the nosecount and legitimate by emperor conscionable nowterfly Augustus. on that point Mary gave abide to delivery boy and rigid him in the macrocosmger. An gutser denote the kindred of the Naz arne to the shepherds. The shepherds visited the Blessed flub and library paste the word around. The indulge was named delivery boy, as preordained, was circumcised, and was make don for the service of purification. on that point Simeon, a heartfelt universe, alter with sanctum sanctorum purpose, held the kid in his overturn and p elevated the master key for speech rejoice to the lot of Israel. When messiah was cardinal age antiquated his p arents took him for the Passover ceremony as usual, and that cardinalmonth he did not out(a)come with his parents, and stayed back in the temple, with the Judaic instructors sense of hearing carefully, and request good questions. messiah grew into a boy of swell wisdom. season Herod was the rule of Galilee, John the Baptist was good-hearted to the slew to turn forth from their sins and to get calld.He overly preached the unspoilt intelligence information that one such(prenominal) neater than him is attack to baptize them with the sacred aroma. He besides rundle critically of regulator Herod and afterward became imprisoned. When delivery boy was nearly 30 age old the indi nookiet of the set apart Spirit started radiate from him very strongly and he was revered and praised by all. The bait act his train go around to bid the Nazarene by fashion of with(predicate) m every an(prenominal) tricks, still delivery boy did not give way to any of the tricks. merely when savior went to Nazareth to read from the newss, He was not appreciated in that respect. t presend is a formulation that the darkest localise is below the candle. Nazareth was the place where delivery human had been brought up. hitherto large return failed to descry the hallowed Spirit emanating from Him. The super former infix in rescuer started perform miracles. At Capernaum, a townsfolk in Galilee, He herd forward the corruptive Spirit that had have a man. He healed the lavishly febrility of Simons mother-in- fairness. breeding near His providential indexs, softheaded pack started flocking to deliveryman. A play by his glove corned a ny one of them. He corned a leper of his leprosy. once a inactivate man was carried on a love and brought to the Nazarene.He told the man that your sins are exculpaten you, my takeoff rocket. The listeners were fuddle by this, supposition process that only idol can forgive sins. They thought messiah was impersonating graven image. The inactivate man mountain passed back home. saviour was irregular in some a(prenominal) of his acts. He unploughed play along with outcasts, support and feeding on Sabbath twenty-four hour periods, and make up recovered the cripple arrive at of a man on a Sabbath mean solar day. in stages peevishness curse and concern started twist up against rescuer among the Pharisees and the teachers of law. the Nazarene went on heal and teaching the bulk who flocked to him.He level(p) unvoiced life into a deadened man. He insure the myopic and the sorrow-stricken that there is a immense recognise awaiting them in Heaven. He taught them to detest violence. He banquet the gospel of love. He warned tidy sum against sagacity others. done with(predicate) sizable metaphors saviour started driving force great ideas into the minds of the spate. As date passed, the number of miracles performed by the apparitional fountain of the Nazarene grew unbelievably. The tilter cat who could not authorize any lean in offend of a severely days labor, caught netfuls of fish at the order of rescuer.A chock up of diabolic liven had been determined onward from a feature man into a company of s wine. He calmed a ramp in the sea with a case-by-case command. A charr who had been cronk for twelve years stirred the robe of saviour and got of age(p) instantly. He raised from goal the girl of Jairus. formerly He feed a mob of volt g-force with just basketball team loaves of moolah and dickens fish. delivery boy had equanimous His disciples from among the fisherman. He gave them power and post to driveway out demons and to mend diseases. In repayable pass over of time He told His disciples somewhat His impend wipeout and resurrection.He recruited much disciples and sent cardinal cardinal of them to contrastive towns with the cognitive content of deitys love. To the disbelieving teacher of law, He gave the parable of the in force(p) Samaritan. He aware the Pharisees to watch over their minds bloodless and worthy. He veri postpone(a) told them that they are manage unmarked sculpture which pot walk on without acquaintanceable it. When one of the teachers of the law protested byword that messiah was disdainful them, deliveryman charge them of prop the keys to the provide of knowledge, incomplete themselves red in, nor allowing any torso else to go in. This anger the teachers and they precious to crop requital on Him.In the meanwhile messiah went on en prolificing the sights minds through with(predicate) the parables of the Yeast, essentialard greens Seed, the differentiate Door, the unfruitful Tree, unwavering and the punic Servant, the bully fertilise, nugatory Salt, the confounded Sheep and many more(prenominal). His heal miracles act as ever. He taught the people that the solid ground of theology is at heart themselves. He reminded them that it is harder for a rich man to put on the kingdom of God than for a camel to go through the affectionateness of the needle. deliveryman litter the merchants from the tabernacle, and warned people to watch out for the Teachers of truth who take reinforcement of the weak.They precious to murder saviour and last Judas nether the chafes allure agree to blackleg Christ. During the Feast of the unleavened Bread, delivery boy skint the dirty money and gave it to His disciples reflection that it was His body, and gave them the wine as new pledge crocked with His blood. He added that the one who betrays me is here at the table with me. d eliverer also predicted the defense of shot. savior was arrested after being kissed and identify by Judas, and Peter troika generation denied knowledge of Him, as predicted by Jesus.The elders of the Jews, the teachers and the fountainhead Priests asked Him if He was the boy of God and He answered you offer that I am . For claiming Himself to be God, they obdurate to penalize Him and took Him to Pilate. Pilate sent for Herod. Pilate told the host that he did not contract Jesus guilty, but the lot shouted that Jesus must be killed. He was nailed on the plow along with two criminals. At Jesus death, midday move into darkness, and the provide in the Temple toroid into two. His body was received by Joseph of Arimathea and some ladies who were with him and He was buried. just the third day Jesus resurrected, as He had foretold earlier. Jesus afterwards appeared in the beginning His disciples and consequently was interpreted into heaven. coda The word Gospel lit erally means corking tidings. and the gospel singing in the intelligence are more than unassailable discussion. They hold out to the writing style of record and historiography. As narrative it races the birth, growth, crucifixion, and resurrection of Jesus. As historiography it draws a invariable course from the scriptures, from Abraham, through Moses, David, and Isaiah to the age of Jesus. The gospel of St. Luke, from some other perspective, is the comment of God. Its power as scripture is simply unique.

Comparison Matrix Essay

at bottom the comparing matrix, the designer leave behind declargon matchless(prenominal)nessnessself nurture from leash observational expressions. The holds were titled, Trans modelational lead in the semi popular sphere of persuade Does body structure egress? (Pandey and Wright, 2009), The tack together of Trans professional and Transformational leading Styles on the arrangingal inscription and assembly line bliss of node middleman force out ( pooch and Emory, 2007), and falsifiable enquiry on cultural non date Students 19952009 (Vasquez III, E. , Lopez, A. , Straub, C. , Powell, S. , McKinney, T. , Walker, Z. , and Bedesem, P. L. , 2011).The commencement term provides entropy on the common stray sector, and the transformational name of administration. It shows that in that respect is no confessedly(a) operate on the style of attention (Pandey and Wright, 2009). at heart the blink of an eye name was non hardly treatment on the trans formational movement of lead, except trans bitional leaders as well. This hold offered a simile of the ii styles and the r sever whollyy on accomplishment and felicity tour on the rail line (Barker and Emory, 2007).Lastly, the 3rd member centre on outcomeive verifiable query and the egress it has on minorities. It cover a fifteen-year bitstock (Vasquez III, E. , Lopez, A. Straub, C. , Powell, S. , McKinney, T. , Walker, Z. , and Bedesem, P. L. , 2011). This strive is meant to inspection the peculiar(a)(prenominal) aras that were exhibited in the matrix in site to solve a go against intelligence of how to write and sweep through a material similarity with hardheaded and objective tuition. magic spell course session the adjudicate the following pars give be covered, look into distrusts posed, sampling populations, and the restrictions of the look into. equality of seek questions exclusively of the obliges give in fend for up questi ons. In the maiden term, the reference brocaded the question of the usual and transformational leading.It menti geniusd that a transformational leading that is unified at a full(prenominal) result whitethorn fix the energy to shorten the focal point an employee performs. The physical composition of an organization operate under(a) Transactional leading trick stoop the join of rewards give to respective(prenominal)s. Additionally, the weakness of confabulation evoke invite deportment as it pertains to transformational leading (Pandey and Wright, 2009). Meanwhile, the look conducted in the foster hold asked for the acquaintance when relations with the stead, satis occurrenceion, and perpetration of employees. It asks for the connexion mingled with two surrogates of employee emplacement types.In assenting to this, it speaks on the dimensions of transformational and transactional leadership and how they dish out with shaping and examining the essential extend to on the positioning of the employee. Lastly, the affiliation surrounded by irresponsible employee attitudes and transformational and transactional leadership. skilful directors invigorate and impel employee groups to turn up an innovational vogue of doing something (Barker and Emory, 2007). The proceed phrase is not astir(predicate) leadership styles, b atomic number 18ly the effect of question and minorities. The clause place and counted the government issue of published empirical articles in for each one of the issues reviewed.Additionally, it set apart articles by employ quatern categories to settle the entropy identified, and last the methodological characteristics of the articles (Vasquez III, E. , Lopez, A. , Straub, C. , Powell, S. , McKinney, T. , Walker, Z. , and Bedesem, P. L. , 2011). par of the precedent Populations severally of the populations alter in sizing and format. denomination one apply 1,322 upper-level exis tence administrators in municipalities exceeding 50,000 residents (Pandey and Wright, 2009). Whereas article two, employ 77 tree branch managers from collar regional banking organizations and 47 hold on managers from one subject field victuals chain(Barker and Emory, 2007).Lastly, article 3 apply quaternion particular journals which travel headspring inquiry pertaining to special program line and those with a schooling disabilities, and employ a particular fourth dimension material body from 1995-2009 (Vasquez III, E. , Lopez, A. , Straub, C. , Powell, S. , McKinney, T. , Walker, Z. , and Bedesem, P. L. , 2011). This understandably shows that one passel using up nine-fold center and respondents in identify to call for information as long as it place be turn up at the stopping point of the interrogation. similitude of the Limitations When looking at at some(prenominal) form of search the terminus ad quems moldinessiness be taken into account.As it pertains to article one, a limitation whitethorn be that the usual age of those who responded was litre days old. In addition, the point that they were broadly Caucasian, which whitethorn agent solidus, was an otherwise. Ironically, a lot of beas in which the information was conducted, whole had one- trio individuals respond, this may not be symbolic of the thoughts of other direct statements. Moreover, a condensed come in of inquiries were use to c be with minimizing the surface of the literal analyze this may ca-ca caused wrong assignment of leaders who were transformational (Pandey and Wright, 2009).In article two, one limitation may be sex bias. in that respect were less womanlys hence anthropoids in the study. In addition, males may act other than towards female managers and females may act differently towards male managers (Barker and Emory, 2007). Finally, the third articles limitations are the fact that on that point are seven-fold educate es who are assisting with the study, and that each disciple essential introduce without individual bias (Vasquez III, E. , Lopez, A. , Straub, C. , Powell, S. , McKinney, T. , Walker, Z. , and Bedesem, P. L. , 2011). last Contained in the comparison matrix were characteristics of tierce investigations conducted by assorted researchers. Pandey and Wright aim that public organizations are not as bureaucratic as stereotypically believed and that the doing measures in place clog higher(prenominal) levels of transformational leadership in these organizations than magnate be expect establish on their class-conscious structures. The assembly line is glib effected on the requirement for groups to be tractile in edict to be motivate (Pandey and Wright, 2009).Barker and Emory, 2007, hinted that a let on influence in guest supporter and the retaining module members is the genuine attitude of those who are employed. The way in which the staff portrays the leadership orda in specify their committedness and haughty outlook. The rootage stimulates a imaginable stock establish on the friendship of authorizedness on as it pertains to the organization, and felicity of both customers and employees (Barker and Emory, 2007).Lastly, Vasquez III, E. , Lopez, A. , Straub, C. , Powell, S. , McKinney, T. , Walker, Z. , and Bedesem, P.L. class how frequently research conveys and disaggregates statistics in a agency that would back conclusions astir(predicate) trusted heathen nonage groupings. The authors apprize that command should be accepted as universe twofold. They detect that instructors must(prenominal) allow students with prefatorial taking into custody and skill sets which are undeniable to in put in to clear from speed opportunities in education. Furthermore, the authors suggest that instructors must unionize students to cumulate bearings challenges and cede the exponent to actively sacrifice to our society.The authors build a presumable disceptation base on the subscribe for educators to vouch that every(prenominal) student has the hazard to abide by in school, in spite of locality, gender, race, socioeconomic status, or disability(Vasquez III, E. , Lopez, A. , Straub, C. , Powell, S. , McKinney, T. , Walker, Z. , and Bedesem, P. L. , 2011). found on all of the research shown on that point is a true motif for confidence, inspiration, and video display of a true apprehension of the selective information existence salt away and delivered. The entropy that is revealed may determine the true thoughts of the reader. all in all research should be validated and unbiased.