Thesis: Demography and Reproductive Health

IMPLEMENTATION OF RH BILL IN THE PHILIPPINES A RESEARCH Chapter 1 Introduction scene of the Study Where is the provision that recognizes the sanctity of family life? Wheres the provision to cherish the life of the unborn, from conception? Is this poster mor onlyy acceptable? These be almost of the question that allow surpass an answer as you strived reading and analyzing this explore try bulge. What is creation? Population is all organisms that some(prenominal) belong to the same species and eff in the same geographical atomic number 18a.The Webster Dictionary defined world as the total number of persons inhabiting in a country, city or each district or area. Over macrocosm is the most crucial cut back in the Philippines. galore(postnominal) mint suffer from poverty, hunger and slackness delinquent to some conflicts the politics can non sustain the primary deals of its masses, as the issue concerns the authorities pacify finding a suitable and right populatio n polity. The population policy in one country or state aimed at positive the quantity, and improving the quality of family life as well as managing the dispersion of population so as to improve the community is stinting life.Philippines is bedded as the twelfth most densely populated country in the world compromising approximately population of 90 million(as of in 2006). gibe to some reliable look into and documents, the population of the Philippines continually increasing as it goes by in the succeeding years. To control this matter the signal of Representatives of the state of the Philippines proposed a bloom which suggest to limit the population throw rank and to balance the over population, This placard was recognize to be called as generative wellness Bill, which was the main focus of the study.The first time the productive wellness Bill was proposed was in 1998. During the present 15th Congress, the RH Bills filed are those authored by (1) shack Minority Leader Edcel Lagman of Albay, HB 96 (2) Iloilo Rep. Janet Garin, HB 101, (3) Akbayan Representatives Kaka Bag-ao & antiophthalmic f beor Warren Bello HB 513, (4) Muntinlupa Representative Rodolfo Biazon, HB 1160, (5) Iloilo Representative Augusto Syjuco, HB 1520, (6) Gabriela Rep. Luzviminda Ilagan. In the Senate, Sen.Miriam Defensor Santiago has filed her own version of the RH measure which, she says, will be part of the countrys commitment to inter subject field covenants. On January 31, 2011, the can of Representatives Committee on Population and Family Relations voted to consolidate all Ho lend oneself versions of the pecker, which is entitled An Act Providing for a Comprehensive Policy on creditworthy Parenthood, Reproductive Health and Population reading and for Other Purposes.According to the Senate Policy plan titled Promoting Reproductive Health, the history of generative wellness in the Philippines dates subscribe to 1967 when leaders of 12 countries including the Phili ppines Ferdinand Marcos signed the Declaration on Population. The Philippines agreed that the population problem be considered as the principal element for long-term economic development. Thus, the Population Commission (Popcom) was created to push for a lower family size norm and provide cultivation and services to lower fertility rates.The Reproductive Health Bill, popularity k at presentn as the RH Bill, is a Philippine Bill aiming to batten down universal access to manners and tellation on birth control and paternal care. The bill was constitute the center of a contentious national debate. Ho physical exercise Bill No. 5043, the RH filled in previous Congress, called for the advance of some(prenominal) artificial and natural methods of family mean, perk up education and responsible stock. This bill indicated that the authorities would support couples who sine qua noned to limit the number of their chelaren by utilize contraceptives.However, on that point is gen eral parallelism about its provisions on m oppositely and child health, there is great debate on its key invention that the Filipino taxpayer and private sector will fund and undertake general distribution of family planning devices birth control pills(BCPs)and IUDs, as the government straight to disseminate development on their practice session through and through all health care centers. Private companies and the public and private elementary and hourary shoal system will be required to participate in this schooling and product dissemination as a way of controlling the population of the Philippines.This Bill is really controversial, as it is cosmos contrasted by refer citizens, especially the pro-life, pro-family, and pro-God stems, regardless of creed of religion. The RCC or papistical Catholic church building expresses the opposition against the bill on many counts, most especially the authorisation and distribution of family planning devices which are abortif acient to fertilized eggs they kill the preteen embryos, who as much(prenominal) are human beings equally worthy of respect, devising the bill unconstitutional and morally incorrect.To illustrate how fundamentally divisive the issue is, two powerful institution in the Philippines find themselves at odds, as the bill is supported by the administration of the Philippine president Benigno Aquino tercet and actively opposed by Roman Catholic church building. The study wants to inform the readers about the truth behind the way outuation of RH Bill. The researchers want to express the issue of the developing population in the Philippines, as the government makes their step to combat this matter and how are the communities actively aware regarding this issue.The objective of this study are to be able to know the advantage and disadvantages of legalization of RH Bill, the consequences behind its provisions and proposal, Its impact to the Philippine economy, and criticism of take on-to doe with Filipino citizen, will it be an efficacious solution to combat the overpopulation. This research study was formed non to be bias in both parties being argue. We construct this study just to give additional information and to know the opinion of the studyity coming from the voice of ordinary large number, professionals and apparitional separates. Conceptual FrameworkThe two diverse theories which encompasses the issue of implementation of RH bill in the country as it is being pits into powerful sectors against each other church on the one hand ( surmisal of Existentialism)-and on the other hand, a well-funded institution the government (theory of Communism). Communism is a sociopolitical movement that aims for a classless and stateless society structured upon common ownership of the means of production, relieve access to articles of consumption, and the end of wage labor and private property in the means of production and real estate.It is a specific stage o f historical development that inevitably emerges from the development of the productive forces that leads to a superabundance of substantial wealth, allowing for distribution found on engage and social relations ground on freely-associated individuals. This theory was gradually proposed by Karl Marx and adopted by different countries. The Reproductive Health Bill, popularly known as the RH Bill, is a Philippine bill aiming to guarantee universal access to methods and information on birth control and maternal care. The bill has become the center of a contentious national ebate. The communist countries are the first ones who implement the jurisprudence be rush they take that wealth will be achievable in areas where there has less population. The state owns and controls the businesses and it is very easy for them to steal notes if they have the control. slight population makes the state business to provide small compute for the community because they provide the basic needs of their people. They have believed that much number of people is hard to control because of these reasons 1. the state needs to provide big budget for the basic needs of its people. 2.There will be a tendency that the money they can get from the state business will decrease because they need to balance the budget. 3. The people will become threat to the state due to the uprisings if more(prenominal) and more people become aware that the state is no longer capable to provide their needs. 4. It is easy to brainwash the entire nation when it has just few people. Good economists disagree that population is reversely proportional to growth. They believe that the population is directly proportional to growth because the economic activity is very high in areas where population is very dense.Another theory which represents the side of Roman Catholic Church regarding about their strong opposition concerning the bill was the theory of existentialism were they get the idea of importance of the life of the unborn. Existentialism is a term applied to the work of a number of philosophers since the nineteenth coulomb who, despite large differences in their positions, generally cerebrate on the measure up of human existence, and an individuals emotions, actions, responsibilities, and thoughts, or the meaning or purpose of life.Existential philosophers often foc apply more on what is subjective, such as beliefs and religion, or human states, feelings, and emotions, such as freedom, pain, guilt, and regret, as opposed to analyzing objective knowledge, language, or science. The early 19th century philosopher Soren Kierkegaard is regarded as the father of existentialism. He maintained that the individual is but responsible for giving his or her own life meaning and for hold that life passionately and sincerely, in spite of many existential obstacles and distractions including despair, angst, absurdity, alienation, and boredom.Subsequent existential philosopher philosopher s retain the emphasis on the individual, but differ, in varying degrees, on how one achieves and what constitutes a fulfilling life, what obstacles must be overcome, and what external and internal factors are involved, including the potential consequences of the existence or non-existence of God. Many existentialists have overly regarded handed-down systematic or academic philosophy, in both style and content, as too abstract and remote from cover human experience. Existentialism became natty in the post-World War years as a way to affirm the importance of human individuality and freedom.Research Paradigm Output Output subject Variables Dependent Variables Independent Variables Independent Variables Religious Groups Religious Groups Economic come on and development. Unequalization in the Community. Economic progress and development. Unequalization in the Community. RH BILL in the Philippines RH BILL in the Philippines Professional Professional Ordinary pack Ordinary People P hilippine Govt Philippine Govt assertion of the Problem The indexs would like to study the issue of the growing population of the Philippines, the implementation of RH Bill and the consequences behind its provisions and proposal.The pleaders aim to address the pursuit questions 1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of implementing RH bill to the Filipino society? 2. What are the reasons wherefore women with unmet need in the Philippines do not practice contraception in the Philippines? 3. What are the views and opinions of the apparitional groups, professionals, and common people? 1. 2 Assumptions One of the measures to be adopted by the RH Bill is to inculcate in the educational curriculum matters pertaining to reproductive health, responsible parenthood, get off education, etc.My issue is that in wicked natural law, persons below the age of 15 are presumed to be innocent and cannot beget criminal liability. It seems that our law is inconsistent in the sense that as far as reproductive health is concerned persons below 15 are presumed to be mature enough to be educated on such topics yet are presumed to be innocent with respect to criminal liability. The advantages of the RH bill in third world countries like Philippines, reproductive health bill (less population) means economic growth, less crimes, less uneducated children, more food on the table without resorting to begging.This bill hopes to provide midwives for masterly attending to childbirth and emergency obstetric care, even in geographically obscure and depressed areas. Thus, the one of the causes of maternal mortality, that arising from unattended births, will be addressed. The disadvantages of the Reproductive Health Bill in the Philippines is the undue focus being attached to reproductive health and population and development, when many more urgent and fundamental health problems need to be addressed in the country, those that cause a significant number of deaths across the coun try such as cardiovascular distempers and infections.Financial resources allotted by foreign donors to assist the Philippine government programs could in truth be better spent towards pursuing health programs targeting communicable diseases than get artificial contraceptives. The bill also calls for the integration of family planning and responsible parenthood in anti-poverty programs. The most common reasons why women with unmet need in the Philippines do not practice contraception are health concerns about contraceptive methods, including a fear of side effects.The second largest category of reasons why women with unmet need do not use contraceptives is that many believe they are incredible to become pregnant. Their specific reasons include having sex infrequently, experiencing lactation amenorrhea (temporary infertility while nursing) and being less fecund than normal. The cost of contraceptive supplies has become a more common reason for nonuse in of contraception in recent years.The pleaders assume that the views and opinion of the respondents will issue into three sides the religious group will opposed the bill, professional will somehow agrees and advocates the bill, and the result of the survey for common people will be divided into both points of views of the two first respondents. Significance of the Study This section of the book is compose by the proponent to give emphasize and overlook to the possible effect of the study to the concern individual. It contains criticism and encouragement to the following type and group of people.Barangay Officials This will tending them recognise that RH Bill may care lessen their communities growing population and inform their people about effective method in family planning. Couple This will make them see that they use contraceptives if they are not yet ready on having a child. Doctors This will help them realize about informing their patients with sexually transmittable disease that victimisation contraceptives may save those diseases. Filipino Women This will help them to sympathize that stillbirth is wrong and educate them about unnecessary pregnancy.Filipino Family This will help them decide freely and responsibly the number of spacing of children and to have information and means to do so, and to informed them the effective family planning method, and to make them learn that abortion is not included in family planning. Prostitutes This will make them realize the importance of contraceptives to their job, this will prevent them on having a sexually transmitted disease like AIDS and STD. Religious groups This will make them realize that this bill may be the only solution on our growing population and make them also understand hat abortion and using artificial contraceptives are different matter. Students This will make them realize that this law might be the answer to our growing population, and for not committing unnecessary sex at their age. Teenagers This wil l make them aware about the content of the bill and the importance of being responsible to their life and point it out that abortion is not right. Scope and Delimitation The bill is national in scope, comprehensive, rights-based and provides adequate funding to the population program.It is a departure from the present setup in which the provision for reproductive health services is devolved to local government units, and consequently, subjected to the varying strategies of local government executives and suffers from a dearth of funding. The reproductive health (RH) bill promotes information on and access to both natural and youthful family planning methods, which are medically safe and legally permissible. It assures an enabling environment where women and couples have the freedom of informed choice on the mode of family planning they want to adopt based on their needs, personal convictions and religious beliefs.The bill does not have any bias for or against either natural or mode rn family planning. Both modes are contraceptive methods. Their common purpose is to prevent unwanted pregnancies. The bill will promote sustainable human development. The UN state in 2002 that family planning and reproductive health are essential to cut back poverty. The Unicef also asserts that family planning could bring more benefits to more people at less cost than any other single technology now available to the human race. Coverage of RH. 1) Information and access to natural and modern family planning (2) Maternal, infant and child health and nutrition (3) Promotion of chest of drawers feeding (4) Prevention of abortion and management of post-abortion complications (5) Adolescent and youth health (6) Prevention and management of reproductive tract infections, HIV/AIDS and STDs (7) settlement of violence against women (8). This study will give an additional information and concrete background about the reality of proposing and opposing this bill.The proponent will use th eir patient and much effort in conducting a good digest of ideas regarding population explosion and the population policy which is particularly mandates by the government. The proponent will try to overlook on the broader and wider data and information that is based on the facts and reliable sources. This research will help us to critically evaluate and examine the motives of the two powerful institutions in the Philippines, as the bill is supported by the administration of the Philippine President Benigno Aquino III and actively opposed by Roman Catholic Church.The condition of this research is potential to hear the views and opinions of religious groups, professionals and common people. The voice of majority is the most worthful in this research study. The group will gather information through questionnaires together with interviews and reliable sources. The proponents will conduct their interview into three types of group of people the religious group, professional and common peo ple. The proponents also relied on the meshwork regarding the related topic. Moreover, the respondents for religious groups were coming from the opinions of Sto.Nino Parish Church at Brgy. Bago Bantay, teachers of social studies major in Economics of San Francisco High School and students taking Bachelor of light in Nursing at Our Lady of Fatima University for professionals, and residents of Brgy. Bahay Toro for common people. The s helper respondents were manly and fe masculine and will serve as an instrument to make our thesis be fulfilled. Definition of Terms This section will be of use for reference, and will serve as a medium of an invaluable aid to a complete understanding and deeper appreciation of the words/terms being use in conducting this study.It is an improvise dictionary make by the proponent in order to gain the research more f literal and considerably comprehensible by the readers. Abortion lexically, the expulsion of a nonviable fetus spontaneous expulsion of a human fetus during first 12 weeks of generation operationally, a barbaric and inhumane practices ever devised by impish man murder of the unborn. Abortifacient lexically, inducing abortion. Advocating/Advocate lexically, one that pleads the cause of another. Approximate lexically, to bring near close.Bias lexically, to incline to one side to give a particular direction to to influence to prejudice to prepossess. Birth see to it Pills (BCPs) lexically, known as oral contraceptives, stop the development of the egg and also help in thickening the cervical mucus in the uterus, thusly restricting the passage of the sperms to the egg. Common People Operationally, a group of people which is one of the respondents of the study they will serve as the medium of the proponent to make the study factual and reliable. Compromising/Comp evolve lexically, to come to agreement by mutual concession.Condoms Operationally, are the most commonly used male contraceptives to escape pregnancy using condoms during sexual intercourse acts like a barrier for sperms to enter the vagina, thus restricting their contact with the egg. Congress lexically, an fictionalisation or conference a gathering operationally, in the study offer of representative or Congress was the proponent of RH Bill. Contraceptive Operationally, a form of chemical and medicine which was indicated in RH Bill in order to control the birth rate and overpopulation. Contradictory lexically, involving, causing, or constituting a contradiction.Development lexically, refers to a multi-dimensional process involving major changes in social structures, popular attitudes, and national intuitions as well as the acceleration of economic growth, the reduction of variation and the eradication of widespread poverty. Disseminate lexically, to scatter widely. Divisive lexically, creating disunity or dissension. de pull roundrance lexically, the management of household or private affairs and especial expenses a thirty and efficient use of material resources Operationally, the main purpose of the government in implementing RH Bill is to have a healthy economy.Embryo lexically, refers to a child at the early stages of development. Family supplying lexically, planning intended to con the number and spacing of ones children through effective methods of birth control. a. Natural Family Planning any several methods of family planning that do not involve sterilization or contraceptive devices or drugs coitus is avoided during the fertile time of a adult females menstrual cycle. b. Artificial Family Planning means of preventing pregnancy that involves some kind of device or medication.It does not include periodic abstinence or the withdrawal method. Fertilized Ovum lexically, the electric cell resulting from the union of an ovum and a sperm. Fetus lexically, the young in the uterus of viviparous animals in the later stages of development, specifically in women from the end of the second month, prior to which it is called to embryo unborn offspring. Fertilization lexically, is the fusion of gametes to produce a new organism. In human, the process involves the fusion of an ovum with a sperm, which in the end leads to the development of an embryo.Intrauterine device (IUD) lexically, the IUD or Copper T as it is commonly known is a very convenient, safe and reversible method of family planning which does not require a daily routine. It is small device made of metal, copper or plastic that is inserted into the uterus of a woman of reproductive age, for as long as she does not want a pregnancy. Normally once it is inserted, it stays in place for 5 to 10 years and inhibits the entry of sperms into the inner recesses of the vagina and also prevents fertilization.Implementation/Implement lexically, carry out accomplish to give practical effect to and ensure of and ensure of actual fulfillment by concrete measures. Inter-breed lexically to breed together. Legalization lexically, it is an corroboration or certification by an appropriate public authority the act of making legal. Population lexically, it is a number of or term for all the inhabitants of a designated territory is all organisms that both belong to the same species and live in the same geographical area.Population Explosion lexically, a pyramiding of come of biological population especially the recent great increase in human numbers resulting from both increased survival and exponential population growth. Population Policy lexically, measures taken by a state to interpolate the way its population is changing defined as legislative measures, administrative programs, and other governmental actions intended to alter or modify quick population trends and composition in the interest of national survival and welfare.Population Development lexically, refers to a program that aims to (1) help couples and parent achieve their desired family size (2) improve reproductive health of indivi duals by addressing reproductive health problems (3) summate to decreased maternal and infant mortality rates and early child mortality (4) reduce incidence of teenage pregnancy and (5) enable government to achieve a balanced population distribution. Procure lexically, to get self-control of obtain by particular care and effort.Professional lexically, it is the one who pursues as a business some vocation or occupation one skilled profession. Reproductive Health Education lexically, refers to the process of acquiring complete, accurate and relevant information on all matters relating to the reproductive system, its functions and processes and human sexuality and forming attitudes and beliefs about sex, sexual identity, interpersonal relationships, affection, intimacy and gender roles. Responsible Parenthood lexically, is the lens nucleus responsibilities of parents to provide the needs of the children they have in term of the aspects in life.It is set the needs of the child o ver your own. Religious People lexically, group of people devoted to religious beliefs or observances. Reproductive Health (RH) Bill lexically, a Philippine Bill aiming to guarantee universal access to methods and information on birth control and maternal care Roman Catholic Church operationally, pro-life groups whose against the RH Bill they promotes only natural family planning and is opposed to the use of artificial birth-control pills, saying these could lead to promiscuity and a rise in abortion cases.Sex Education lexically, it is a broad term used to describeeducationabout human sexual,sexual reproduction,sexual intercourse,reproductive health, emotional relations,reproductive rightsand responsibilities, abstinence,contraception, and other aspects ofhuman sexual behavior. Common avenues for sex education are parents or caregivers, school programs, and public health campaigns. vivacious lexically, it is readily set in vibration.